| Year | Marine Isotope Stage 1, Holocene, 14 ka - today |
|---|---|
| 2015 | - The globally averaged temperature over land and ocean surfaces for 2015 was the highest among all years since record keeping began in 1880 [https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/news/global-climate-201712, on 08.04.2020, at 12:37 AM]. |
| 2014 | - 2014 Earth's warmest year on record. [https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/news/global-climate-201712, on 08.04.2020, at 12:37 AM]. |
| 2013 | - 2013 global temperature ties as 4th warmest on record since 1880 [https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/news/global-climate-201712, on 08.04.2020, at 12:46 AM]. |
| 2012 | - Over the period 12–15 July 2012, an exceptional heat wave over Greenland ice sheet [NEEM community members, 2013, DOI: 10.1038/nature11789]. |
| 1920 | - A period of cooler global temperatures, referred to as the Little Ice Age between AD 1440–1920 [M.J. Owens et al., https://doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2017034]. |
| 1816 | - Temperature decrease (c. 0.8°C) in the NH (Sadler and Grattan., 1999; Ogle et al., 2005; Stoffel et al., 2015) [E.A. Kasatkina et al., 2018, DOI: 10.22201/igeof.00167169p.2018.57.1.1823]. |
| 1700 | - 1250–1700 CE, the 'Little Ice Age’ (LIA) [J. Luterbacher et al., 2016, DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/11/2/024001]. - In the European and North American proxy records, the coldest summer was either 1698, 1699 or 1700 [R. D'Arrigo et al., 2020, DOI: 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2019.106746]. |
| 1675 CE | - Post-volcanic (?) cooling (JJA temperature anomaly), -1.78°C [M. Sigl et al., 2015, DOI: 10.1038/nature14565, Extended Data Table 5]. |
| 1633 CE | - Post-volcanic cooling (JJA temperature anomaly), -1.56°C [M. Sigl et al., 2015, DOI: 10.1038/nature14565, Extended Data Table 5]. |
| 1601 CE | - Post-volcanic cooling (JJA (June, July, August) temperature anomaly), -1.82°C [M. Sigl et al., 2015, DOI: 10.1038/nature14565, Extended Data Table 5]. |
| 1453 CE | - Post-volcanic cooling (JJA temperature anomaly), -1.57°C [M. Sigl et al., 2015, DOI: 10.1038/nature14565, Extended Data Table 5]. |
| 1250 | - 1250–1700 CE, the 'Little Ice Age’ (LIA) [J. Luterbacher et al., 2016, DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/11/2/024001]. |
| 1200 CE | - 900–1200 CE, 'Medieval Climate Anomaly’ (MCA) [J. Luterbacher et al., 2016, DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/11/2/024001]. |
| 1109 CE | - Post-volcanic cooling (JJA temperature anomaly), -1.56°C [M. Sigl et al., 2015, DOI: 10.1038/nature14565, Extended Data Table 5]. |
| 900 CE | - 900 – 1200 CE, 'Medieval Climate Anomaly’ (MCA) [J. Luterbacher et al., 2016, DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/11/2/024001]. - The medieval warming period between 900 – 1200 [V. V. Zharkova et al., 2019, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-45584-3]. |
| 800 CE | - Post-volcanic cooling (JJA temperature anomaly), -1.66°C ["M. Sigl et al., 2015, DOI: 10.1038/nature14565, Extended Data Table 5]. |
| 775 CE | - The 775 CE global event (March 775 ± 6 month) with 14C increase with debated cause (cosmogenic 14C radiocarbon time marker) [M. Sigl et al., 2015, DOI: 10.1038/nature14565]. |